The explorer is the clinician’s sense of touch. Its fine, flexible tip transmits vibrations that reveal calculus, rough restoration margins and irregularities on tooth surfaces.
Common explorer patterns
Shepherd’s hook (No. 23)
The classic explorer, with a curved tip resembling a shepherd’s crook. Used mainly for examining occlusal and smooth surfaces and checking restoration margins.
Pigtail and cowhorn explorers
Curved, paired tips adapt to proximal surfaces and are useful for detecting interproximal calculus and overhangs.
11/12 ODU explorer
Designed for subgingival calculus detection, with a long, angled shank that reaches into deeper pockets.
Double-ended explorers
Combine two patterns, or an explorer and a probe, in one instrument. Popular for diagnostic sets.
Tactile sensitivity
Explorers are made from thin, flexible steel so that the tip vibrates as it passes over irregularities. Hollow handles transmit these vibrations better than solid ones. Hold explorers lightly with a modified pen grasp.
A note on caries detection
Current guidance favours visual examination and radiographs over forceful probing of suspected pits and fissures, because firm pressure can damage early lesions. Explorers are best used gently to assess surface texture and margins.
Choosing explorers
- One shepherd’s hook for general examination.
- An 11/12 or pigtail pattern for calculus detection.
- Double-ended patterns to reduce tray clutter.
Care
Explorer tips are fine and can bend or blunt. Inspect them regularly; a bent or rounded tip loses sensitivity and should be replaced.
Aurix International lists explorers in its catalogue and includes them in diagnostic and hygiene kits. Ask us for available patterns.
